Google has appealed two European Union orders requiring it to provide greater access to services and search data for AI and search-engine rivals.
Google argues the requirements could expose sensitive search history and create security and privacy problems. Regulators say safeguards can protect users while reducing the structural advantages enjoyed by dominant platforms.
The outcome matters beyond search. Access to high-quality behavioral and web data is increasingly an AI input, so competition policy aimed at old-style search dominance is colliding directly with the economics of model development.